Research

Gallbladder carcinoma: a retrospective analysis of twenty-two years experience of a single teaching hospital

Muhammed Ashraf Memon^1,2 , Suhail Anwar³ , M Hanif Shiwani³ and Breda Memon⁴

¹  Department of Surgery, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, USA

²  Department of Surgery, Whiston Hospital, Prescot, Merseyside, L35 5DR, UK

³  Department of Surgery, Barnsley District General Hospital, Barnsley, South Yorkshire, S75 2EP, UK

⁴  Private Clinic, Astley House, Whitehall Road, Darwen, Lancashire, BB3 2LH, UK

author email corresponding author email

International Seminars in Surgical Oncology 2005, 2:6doi:10.1186/1477-7800-2-6

Published:	17 March 2005

Abstract

Background

The purpose of this study was to retrospectively evaluate our experience with gallbladder cancer since the establishment of a tumour registry in our institute.

Methods

Between 1975 and 1998, 23 consecutive patients with gallbladder cancer were identified using the tumour registry database. There were 18 females (78%) and 5 (22%) males. The mean age at diagnosis was 70.6 (range 42–85) years. The diagnosis was achieved either intra-operatively or following the histological analysis of the gallbladder (n = 17), following gallbladder or liver biopsy (n = 4) or at autopsy (n = 2). Presenting symptoms included upper abdominal pain, weight loss, nausea, vomiting, fever, painless jaundice, hepatomegaly, upper abdominal mass, upper abdominal tenderness, and gastrointestinal haemorrhage.

Results

Histological examination revealed 20 adenocarcinomas (87%), 2 squamous cell carcinomas (9%) and one spindle cell sarcoma (4%). At presentation, 14 (61%) gallbladder cancers were stage IV, 5 (22%) were stage III and 4 (17%) were stage II. Kaplan Meier analysis revealed a mean survival of 3.2, 7.8 and 8.2 months for stage IV, III, and II disease respectively. Out of 14 patients with stage IV disease, 8 patients received adjuvant chemotherapy and survived for 4.6 months whereas six patients who did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy survived for 1.3 months. This difference was statistically significant (p = 0.04).

Conclusion

The majority of patients with gallbladder cancer presented with advanced stage disease (stage IV) which carries a dismal prognosis. Patients who received chemotherapy with stage IV disease, however, did better than those who did not, but this is probably a reflection of patient selection.